首先把Object类的源码贴上。/** Copyright (c) 1994, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.* ORACLE PROPRIETARY/CONFIDENTIAL. Use is subject to license terms.**/package java.lang;/*** Class { @code Object} is the root of the class hierarchy.* Every class has { @code Object} as a superclass. All objects,* including arrays, implement the methods of this class.** @author unascribed* @see java.lang.Class* @since JDK1.0*/public class Object {private static native void registerNatives();static {registerNatives();}/*** Returns the runtime class of this { @code Object}. The returned* { @code Class} object is the object that is locked by { @code* static synchronized} methods of the represented class.**The actual result type is { @code Class }* where { @code |X|} is the erasure of the static type of the* expression on which { @code getClass} is called. For* example, no cast is required in this code fragment:
*** {
@code Number n = 0; }* { @code Class c = n.getClass(); }* ** @return The { @code Class} object that represents the runtime* class of this object.* @see Class Literals, section 15.8.2 of* The Java™ Language Specification.*/public final native Class getClass();/*** Returns a hash code value for the object. This method is* supported for the benefit of hash tables such as those provided by* { @link java.util.HashMap}.** The general contract of {
@code hashCode} is:*
- *
- Whenever it is invoked on the same object more than once during* an execution of a Java application, the { @code hashCode} method* must consistently return the same integer, provided no information* used in { @code equals} comparisons on the object is modified.* This integer need not remain consistent from one execution of an* application to another execution of the same application.*
- If two objects are equal according to the { @code equals(Object)}* method, then calling the { @code hashCode} method on each of* the two objects must produce the same integer result.*
- It is not required that if two objects are unequal* according to the { @link java.lang.Object#equals(java.lang.Object)}* method, then calling the { @code hashCode} method on each of the* two objects must produce distinct integer results. However, the* programmer should be aware that producing distinct integer results* for unequal objects may improve the performance of hash tables.*
* As much as is reasonably practical, the hashCode method defined by* class {
@code Object} does return distinct integers for distinct* objects. (This is typically implemented by converting the internal* address of the object into an integer, but this implementation* technique is not required by the* JavaTM programming language.)** @return a hash code value for this object.* @see java.lang.Object#equals(java.lang.Object)* @see java.lang.System#identityHashCode*/public native int hashCode();/*** Indicates whether some other object is "equal to" this one.** The {
@code equals} method implements an equivalence relation* on non-null object references:*- *
- It is reflexive: for any non-null reference value* { @code x}, { @code x.equals(x)} should return* { @code true}.*
- It is symmetric: for any non-null reference values* { @code x} and { @code y}, { @code x.equals(y)}* should return { @code true} if and only if* { @code y.equals(x)} returns { @code true}.*
- It is transitive: for any non-null reference values* { @code x}, { @code y}, and { @code z}, if* { @code x.equals(y)} returns { @code true} and* { @code y.equals(z)} returns { @code true}, then* { @code x.equals(z)} should return { @code true}.*
- It is consistent: for any non-null reference values* { @code x} and { @code y}, multiple invocations of* { @code x.equals(y)} consistently return { @code true}* or consistently return { @code false}, provided no* information used in { @code equals} comparisons on the* objects is modified.*
- For any non-null reference value { @code x},* { @code x.equals(null)} should return { @code false}.*
* The {
@code equals} method for class { @code Object} implements* the most discriminating possible equivalence relation on objects;* that is, for any non-null reference values { @code x} and* { @code y}, this method returns { @code true} if and only* if { @code x} and { @code y} refer to the same object* ({ @code x == y} has the value { @code true}).** Note that it is generally necessary to override the {
@code hashCode}* method whenever this method is overridden, so as to maintain the* general contract for the { @code hashCode} method, which states* that equal objects must have equal hash codes.** @param obj the reference object with which to compare.* @return { @code true} if this object is the same as the obj* argument; { @code false} otherwise.* @see #hashCode()* @see java.util.HashMap*/public boolean equals(Object obj) {return (this == obj);}/*** Creates and returns a copy of this object. The precise meaning* of "copy" may depend on the class of the object. The general* intent is that, for any object { @code x}, the expression:*** will be true, and that the expression:** x.clone() != x
** will be { @code true}, but these are not absolute requirements.* While it is typically the case that:** x.clone().getClass() == x.getClass()
** will be { @code true}, this is not an absolute requirement.** x.clone().equals(x)
* By convention, the returned object should be obtained by calling* {
@code super.clone}. If a class and all of its superclasses (except* { @code Object}) obey this convention, it will be the case that* { @code x.clone().getClass() == x.getClass()}.** By convention, the object returned by this method should be independent* of this object (which is being cloned). To achieve this independence,* it may be necessary to modify one or more fields of the object returned* by {
@code super.clone} before returning it. Typically, this means* copying any mutable objects that comprise the internal "deep structure"* of the object being cloned and replacing the references to these* objects with references to the copies. If a class contains only* primitive fields or references to immutable objects, then it is usually* the case that no fields in the object returned by { @code super.clone}* need to be modified.** The method {
@code clone} for class { @code Object} performs a* specific cloning operation. First, if the class of this object does* not implement the interface { @code Cloneable}, then a* { @code CloneNotSupportedException} is thrown. Note that all arrays* are considered to implement the interface { @code Cloneable} and that* the return type of the { @code clone} method of an array type { @code T[]}* is { @code T[]} where T is any reference or primitive type.* Otherwise, this method creates a new instance of the class of this* object and initializes all its fields with exactly the contents of* the corresponding fields of this object, as if by assignment; the* contents of the fields are not themselves cloned. Thus, this method* performs a "shallow copy" of this object, not a "deep copy" operation.** The class {
@code Object} does not itself implement the interface* { @code Cloneable}, so calling the { @code clone} method on an object* whose class is { @code Object} will result in throwing an* exception at run time.** @return a clone of this instance.* @exception CloneNotSupportedException if the object's class does not* support the { @code Cloneable} interface. Subclasses* that override the { @code clone} method can also* throw this exception to indicate that an instance cannot* be cloned.* @see java.lang.Cloneable*/protected native Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException;/*** Returns a string representation of the object. In general, the* { @code toString} method returns a string that* "textually represents" this object. The result should* be a concise but informative representation that is easy for a* person to read.* It is recommended that all subclasses override this method.** The {
@code toString} method for class { @code Object}* returns a string consisting of the name of the class of which the* object is an instance, the at-sign character `{ @code @}', and* the unsigned hexadecimal representation of the hash code of the* object. In other words, this method returns a string equal to the* value of:**** @return a string representation of the object.*/public String toString() {return getClass().getName() + "@" + Integer.toHexString(hashCode());}/*** Wakes up a single thread that is waiting on this object's* monitor. If any threads are waiting on this object, one of them* is chosen to be awakened. The choice is arbitrary and occurs at* the discretion of the implementation. A thread waits on an object's* monitor by calling one of the { @code wait} methods.** getClass().getName() + '@' + Integer.toHexString(hashCode())*
* The awakened thread will not be able to proceed until the current* thread relinquishes the lock on this object. The awakened thread will* compete in the usual manner with any other threads that might be* actively competing to synchronize on this object; for example, the* awakened thread enjoys no reliable privilege or disadvantage in being* the next thread to lock this object.*
* This method should only be called by a thread that is the owner* of this object's monitor. A thread becomes the owner of the* object's monitor in one of three ways:*
- *
- By executing a synchronized instance method of that object.*
- By executing the body of a { @code synchronized} statement* that synchronizes on the object.*
- For objects of type { @code Class,} by executing a* synchronized static method of that class.*
* Only one thread at a time can own an object's monitor.** @exception IllegalMonitorStateException if the current thread is not* the owner of this object's monitor.* @see java.lang.Object#notifyAll()* @see java.lang.Object#wait()*/public final native void notify();/*** Wakes up all threads that are waiting on this object's monitor. A* thread waits on an object's monitor by calling one of the* {
@code wait} methods.** The awakened threads will not be able to proceed until the current* thread relinquishes the lock on this object. The awakened threads* will compete in the usual manner with any other threads that might* be actively competing to synchronize on this object; for example,* the awakened threads enjoy no reliable privilege or disadvantage in* being the next thread to lock this object.*
* This method should only be called by a thread that is the owner* of this object's monitor. See the {
@code notify} method for a* description of the ways in which a thread can become the owner of* a monitor.** @exception IllegalMonitorStateException if the current thread is not* the owner of this object's monitor.* @see java.lang.Object#notify()* @see java.lang.Object#wait()*/public final native void notifyAll();/*** Causes the current thread to wait until either another thread invokes the* { @link java.lang.Object#notify()} method or the* { @link java.lang.Object#notifyAll()} method for this object, or a* specified amount of time has elapsed.** The current thread must own this object's monitor.*
* This method causes the current thread (call it T) to* place itself in the wait set for this object and then to relinquish* any and all synchronization claims on this object. Thread T* becomes disabled for thread scheduling purposes and lies dormant* until one of four things happens:*
- *
- Some other thread invokes the { @code notify} method for this* object and thread T happens to be arbitrarily chosen as* the thread to be awakened.*
- Some other thread invokes the { @code notifyAll} method for this* object.*
- Some other thread { @linkplain Thread#interrupt() interrupts}* thread T.*
- The specified amount of real time has elapsed, more or less. If* { @code timeout} is zero, however, then real time is not taken into* consideration and the thread simply waits until notified.*
* A thread can also wake up without being notified, interrupted, or* timing out, a so-called spurious wakeup. While this will rarely* occur in practice, applications must guard against it by testing for* the condition that should have caused the thread to be awakened, and* continuing to wait if the condition is not satisfied. In other words,* waits should always occur in loops, like this one:*
* synchronized (obj) {* while (<condition does not hold>)* obj.wait(timeout);* ... // Perform action appropriate to condition* }** (For more information on this topic, see Section 3.2.3 in Doug Lea's* "Concurrent Programming in Java (Second Edition)" (Addison-Wesley,* 2000), or Item 50 in Joshua Bloch's "Effective Java Programming* Language Guide" (Addison-Wesley, 2001).**
If the current thread is {
@linkplain java.lang.Thread#interrupt()* interrupted} by any thread before or while it is waiting, then an* { @code InterruptedException} is thrown. This exception is not* thrown until the lock status of this object has been restored as* described above.*** Note that the {
@code wait} method, as it places the current thread* into the wait set for this object, unlocks only this object; any* other objects on which the current thread may be synchronized remain* locked while the thread waits.** This method should only be called by a thread that is the owner* of this object's monitor. See the {
@code notify} method for a* description of the ways in which a thread can become the owner of* a monitor.** @param timeout the maximum time to wait in milliseconds.* @exception IllegalArgumentException if the value of timeout is* negative.* @exception IllegalMonitorStateException if the current thread is not* the owner of the object's monitor.* @exception InterruptedException if any thread interrupted the* current thread before or while the current thread* was waiting for a notification. The interrupted* status of the current thread is cleared when* this exception is thrown.* @see java.lang.Object#notify()* @see java.lang.Object#notifyAll()*/public final native void wait(long timeout) throws InterruptedException;/*** Causes the current thread to wait until another thread invokes the* { @link java.lang.Object#notify()} method or the* { @link java.lang.Object#notifyAll()} method for this object, or* some other thread interrupts the current thread, or a certain* amount of real time has elapsed.** This method is similar to the {
@code wait} method of one* argument, but it allows finer control over the amount of time to* wait for a notification before giving up. The amount of real time,* measured in nanoseconds, is given by:**** 1000000*timeout+nanos
* In all other respects, this method does the same thing as the* method {
@link #wait(long)} of one argument. In particular,* { @code wait(0, 0)} means the same thing as { @code wait(0)}.** The current thread must own this object's monitor. The thread* releases ownership of this monitor and waits until either of the* following two conditions has occurred:*
- *
- Another thread notifies threads waiting on this object's monitor* to wake up either through a call to the { @code notify} method* or the { @code notifyAll} method.*
- The timeout period, specified by { @code timeout}* milliseconds plus { @code nanos} nanoseconds arguments, has* elapsed.*
* The thread then waits until it can re-obtain ownership of the* monitor and resumes execution.*
* As in the one argument version, interrupts and spurious wakeups are* possible, and this method should always be used in a loop:*
* synchronized (obj) {* while (<condition does not hold>)* obj.wait(timeout, nanos);* ... // Perform action appropriate to condition* }** This method should only be called by a thread that is the owner* of this object's monitor. See the { @code notify} method for a* description of the ways in which a thread can become the owner of* a monitor.** @param timeout the maximum time to wait in milliseconds.* @param nanos additional time, in nanoseconds range* 0-999999.* @exception IllegalArgumentException if the value of timeout is* negative or the value of nanos is* not in the range 0-999999.* @exception IllegalMonitorStateException if the current thread is not* the owner of this object's monitor.* @exception InterruptedException if any thread interrupted the* current thread before or while the current thread* was waiting for a notification. The interrupted* status of the current thread is cleared when* this exception is thrown.*/public final void wait(long timeout, int nanos) throws InterruptedException {if (timeout < 0) {throw new IllegalArgumentException("timeout value is negative");}if (nanos < 0 || nanos > 999999) {throw new IllegalArgumentException("nanosecond timeout value out of range");}if (nanos >= 500000 || (nanos != 0 && timeout == 0)) {timeout++;}wait(timeout);}/*** Causes the current thread to wait until another thread invokes the* { @link java.lang.Object#notify()} method or the* { @link java.lang.Object#notifyAll()} method for this object.* In other words, this method behaves exactly as if it simply* performs the call { @code wait(0)}.*
* The current thread must own this object's monitor. The thread* releases ownership of this monitor and waits until another thread* notifies threads waiting on this object's monitor to wake up* either through a call to the {
@code notify} method or the* { @code notifyAll} method. The thread then waits until it can* re-obtain ownership of the monitor and resumes execution.** As in the one argument version, interrupts and spurious wakeups are* possible, and this method should always be used in a loop:*
* synchronized (obj) {* while (<condition does not hold>)* obj.wait();* ... // Perform action appropriate to condition* }** This method should only be called by a thread that is the owner* of this object's monitor. See the { @code notify} method for a* description of the ways in which a thread can become the owner of* a monitor.** @exception IllegalMonitorStateException if the current thread is not* the owner of the object's monitor.* @exception InterruptedException if any thread interrupted the* current thread before or while the current thread* was waiting for a notification. The interrupted* status of the current thread is cleared when* this exception is thrown.* @see java.lang.Object#notify()* @see java.lang.Object#notifyAll()*/public final void wait() throws InterruptedException {wait(0);}/*** Called by the garbage collector on an object when garbage collection* determines that there are no more references to the object.* A subclass overrides the { @code finalize} method to dispose of* system resources or to perform other cleanup.*
* The general contract of {
@code finalize} is that it is invoked* if and when the JavaTM virtual* machine has determined that there is no longer any* means by which this object can be accessed by any thread that has* not yet died, except as a result of an action taken by the* finalization of some other object or class which is ready to be* finalized. The { @code finalize} method may take any action, including* making this object available again to other threads; the usual purpose* of { @code finalize}, however, is to perform cleanup actions before* the object is irrevocably discarded. For example, the finalize method* for an object that represents an input/output connection might perform* explicit I/O transactions to break the connection before the object is* permanently discarded.** The {
@code finalize} method of class { @code Object} performs no* special action; it simply returns normally. Subclasses of* { @code Object} may override this definition.** The Java programming language does not guarantee which thread will* invoke the {
@code finalize} method for any given object. It is* guaranteed, however, that the thread that invokes finalize will not* be holding any user-visible synchronization locks when finalize is* invoked. If an uncaught exception is thrown by the finalize method,* the exception is ignored and finalization of that object terminates.** After the {
@code finalize} method has been invoked for an object, no* further action is taken until the Java virtual machine has again* determined that there is no longer any means by which this object can* be accessed by any thread that has not yet died, including possible* actions by other objects or classes which are ready to be finalized,* at which point the object may be discarded.** The {
@code finalize} method is never invoked more than once by a Java* virtual machine for any given object.** Any exception thrown by the {
@code finalize} method causes* the finalization of this object to be halted, but is otherwise* ignored.** @throws Throwable the { @code Exception} raised by this method*/protected void finalize() throws Throwable { }}
1.clone方法
保护方法,实现对象的浅复制,只有实现了Cloneable接口才可以调用该方法,否则抛出CloneNotSupportedException异常。
2.getClass方法
final方法,获得运行时类型。
3.toString方法
该方法用得比较多,一般子类都有覆盖。
4.finalize方法
该方法用于释放资源。因为无法确定该方法什么时候被调用,很少使用。
5.equals方法
该方法是非常重要的一个方法。一般equals和==是不一样的,但是在Object中两者是一样的。子类一般都要重写这个方法。
6.hashCode方法
该方法用于哈希查找,重写了equals方法一般都要重写hashCode方法。这个方法在一些具有哈希功能的Collection中用到。
一般必须满足obj1.equals(obj2)==true。可以推出obj1.hash- Code()==obj2.hashCode(),但是hashCode相等不一定就满足equals。不过为了提高效率,应该尽量使上面两个条件接近等价。
7.wait方法
wait方法就是使当前线程等待该对象的锁,当前线程必须是该对象的拥有者,也就是具有该对象的锁。wait()方法一直等待,直到获得锁或者被中断。wait(long timeout)设定一个超时间隔,如果在规定时间内没有获得锁就返回。
调用该方法后当前线程进入睡眠状态,直到以下事件发生。
(1)其他线程调用了该对象的notify方法。
(2)其他线程调用了该对象的notifyAll方法。
(3)其他线程调用了interrupt中断该线程。
(4)时间间隔到了。
此时该线程就可以被调度了,如果是被中断的话就抛出一个InterruptedException异常。
8.notify方法
该方法唤醒在该对象上等待的某个线程。
9.notifyAll方法
该方法唤醒在该对象上等待的所有线程。
以后面试的人再问你线程中使用的方法哪些是Object 的方法,哪些是线程的方法。
别说我没有告诉你!!